2024, Vol. 7, Special Issue 1

author(s)
Vivek Kumar Singhal

abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies in Indian soil pose significant challenges to agricultural sustainability, food security, and human health. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of micronutrient deficiencies, focusing on their causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies. In India, alkaline soils prevalent in regions like Punjab and Haryana are particularly susceptible to deficiencies of zinc and iron due to reduced solubility at higher pH levels. Intensive agricultural practices, including monoculture cropping and imbalanced fertilizer use, exacerbate deficiencies by disrupting soil nutrient cycles. Soil erosion, leaching, and climate change further compound the problem by accelerating nutrient loss and soil degradation. The consequences of micronutrient deficiencies extend beyond reduced crop yields to encompass poor crop quality and compromised human health. Hidden hunger and malnutrition are prevalent, particularly among vulnerable populations. Mitigation strategies include balanced fertilizer application, soil amendments, biofortification, precision agriculture, capacity building, and policy support. Case studies highlight regional variations in micronutrient deficiencies and underscore the importance of tailored interventions. Collaboration between stakeholders is crucial for driving innovation and scaling up interventions. Aligning policies with national nutrition goals and sustainable development objectives is essential for promoting holistic approaches. By adopting a comprehensive and integrated approach, India can build resilience to nutrient deficiencies, enhance agricultural productivity, and improve the well-being of its population.